Towards a Greener Grid: Modelling the role of Ester Oil in Sustainable Transformer Operation

As the demand for cleaner and more sustainable power systems grows, the use of eco-friendly transformer oils is gaining attention. This study explores ester oil, a plant-based and biodegradable alternative to traditional mineral oil, and evaluates its suitability for transformer insulation. Using MATLAB simulations, the performance of both oils was analyzed in terms of transformer aging, fire safety, environmental impact, cost over time, and response to load changes. The results show that ester oil not only withstands higher temperatures and slows down aging but also significantly lowers the risk of fire due to its higher flash point. In terms of sustainability, ester oil reduces carbon emissions and environmental hazards in case of leaks. Though the initial investment is slightly higher, its reduced maintenance needs and easier disposal make it cost-effective in the long run. The findings suggest that ester oil can play a crucial role in modernizing the grid with safer, greener technology that meets long-term environmental and performance goals.