Vehicular Air Pollution and Its Control Measures

Vehicular air pollution includes exhaust, evaporative, and non-exhaust emissions, and their relative contributions vary by vehicle fleet, pollutant, and location. The reviewed evidence links long-term traffic-related exposure with several important health outcomes, while also showing that exhaust controls alone may not address particulate pollution from brake, tyre, road wear, and resuspended dust. Effective control therefore requires a com-bination of cleaner vehicles and fuels, maintenance and enforcement, and transport plan-ning that limits unnecessary vehicle use and exposure. The most appropriate mix should be selected and assessed locally, with attention to both measured air quality and health outcomes.

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