Factals : A Geometry of Nature

How did nature manage to evolve such complicated architecture? Mandelbrot's view is that the complications exist only in the context of traditional Euclidean geometry. As fractals, branching structures can be described with transparent simplicity. Mandelbrot compared pulmonary and vascular trees to real botanical trees, trees that need to capture sun and resist wind, with fractal branches and fractal leaves. Theoretical biologists realized that fractal scaling is not just common but universal in morphogenesis. They argued that understanding how such patterns were encoded and processed is a major challenges to biology.  

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