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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
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Paper ID:
IJSREM63306
Volume:
10 |
5 |
May 2026
Pages:
1-12
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

Electronics and Communications Engineering
Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology

Electronics and Communications Engineering
Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology

Electronics and Communications Engineering
Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology

Electronics and Communications Engineering
Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology

Electronics and Communications Engineering
Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology
This paper describes a 32-bit RISC-V processor combined with a 2-bit Vedic multiplier to achieve faster arithmetic processing with lower power consumption. The rapid growth of embedded systems, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and real-time computing applications has increased the demand for processors capable of performing arithmetic operations efficiently with reduced delay and power consumption. Conventional multiplication techniques often increase propagation delay, hardware complexity, and energy usage, making them less suitable for modern low-power computing systems. To overcome these limitations, the proposed system integrates a Vedic multiplier based on the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam Sutra into the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of the RISC-V processor. The Vedic multiplication technique performs multiplication through parallel generation of partial products, thereby improving computational speed and reducing execution time. The processor architecture supports pipelined instruction execution, optimized hardware utilization, and scalable design implementation for enhanced processor performance. The proposed processor is designed using Verilog HDL and simulated using Xilinx Vivado tools for functional verification and performance analysis. Simulation results confirm improved multiplication efficiency, reduced propagation delay, and reliable processor operation. The proposed architecture provides an efficient, low-power, and high-performance solution for embedded systems, digital signal processing applications, FPGA implementations, and modern IoT-based computing devices.
KEYWORDS
his work demonstrated the implementation of a RISC-V processor integrated with a 2-bit Vedic multiplier for efficient and low-energy multiplication operations. By using the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam Vedic multiplication technique, the processor achieved faster arithmetic computation with reduced delay and improved performance compared to conventional multiplication methods. The proposed design successfully demonstrated the advantages of combining the simplicity and flexibility of the RISC-V architecture with the high-speed capability of Vedic mathematics. Simulation and analysis showed improvements in power efficiency, processing speed, and hardware utilization, making the system suitable for modern embedded and digital signal processing applications. Overall, the project highlights the potential of Vedic multiplier-based processor design in developing compact, energy-efficient, and high-performance computing systems for future real time applications.
1. F. Elsabbagh, B. Tine, P. Roshan, E. Lyons, E. Kim, D. E. Shim, L. Zhu, S. K. Lim, and H. Kim, “Vortex: OpenCL Compatible RISC-V GPGPU,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.12151, 2020. 2. Y. Lee, D. A. Patterson, and K. Asanović, “The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual, Vol. I: Base User-Level ISA,” EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley, Tech. Rep. UCB/EECS-2011-62, May 2013. 3. Pratyush Dwivedi, Krishna Kumar, and Aminul Islam, “Design and Implementation of 2-bit Vedic Multiplier at 16nm Using PTL Logic,” in International Conference on Microelectronics, computing and Communications (MicroCom), 2016. 4. Anvesh Kumar and Ashish Raman, “Low Power ALU Design by Ancient Mathematics,” 2010. 5. N. Prathima and K. Harikishore, “A 2×2 Bit Vedic Multiplier with Different Adders in 90nm CMOS Technology,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 3, pp. 1832–1837, 2013. 6. Amrita Nanda and Shreetam Behera, “Design and Implementation of Urdhva Tiryakbhyam Based Fast 8×8 Vedic Binary Multiplier,” 2014. 7. B. Vanitha, S. Nagaraj, and B. Sai Kumar, “Implementation of 16-Bit Vedic Multiplier Using Modified CSA,” 2023. 8. Shri Prakash Dwivedi, “An Efficient Multiplication Algorithm Using Nikhilam Method,” July 10, 2013. 9. M. Lokesh and Manoj Kumar, “Design and Implementation of 32-bit RISC Processor with Flexible 5-Stage Pipelining and Dynamic Thermal Control,” in International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics (IITCEE), IEEE, pp. 846–849, 2023. 10. Dr. Girish H., Dr. Mangala Gowri, Dr. Keshava Murthy, and Chetan Naik J., “Design and Validation of a 32-Bit RISC-V Processor Incorporating Vedic Mathematics,” Gradiva Review Journal, vol. 8, issue 10, pp. 107–115, 2022.
Publication Date
5/16/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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