A Study on Transformation Process of Single Use Plastic of Green Alternative in Chennai City.

The escalating environmental challenges posed by single-use plastics (SUPs) have intensified global efforts to shift towards sustainable alternatives. In Chennai City, the combination of rapid urban expansion, rising consumer demand, and insufficient waste management systems has amplified the plastic pollution crisis. Consequently, replacing SUPs with eco-friendly substitutes—such as biodegradable bags, cloth carriers, compostable packaging, and other sustainable options—has emerged as both an ecological imperative and a socio-economic hurdle. This research investigates the transition process from SUP dependency to the adoption of greener materials. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study integrates primary data from surveys and interviews with consumers, retailers, waste management officials, and eco-product manufacturers, along with secondary data drawn from government publications, industry analyses, and environmental NGO reports. The study explores the extent of public awareness, market accessibility, and cost feasibility of green alternatives in Chennai, as well as the influence of policy frameworks like the Tamil Nadu Plastic Ban (2019) on consumer and business practices. Findings reveal that although awareness regarding the harmful effects of SUPs is considerable, consistent uptake of alternatives remains limited due to higher costs, inadequate distribution networks, and weak enforcement of regulatory provisions. Furthermore, behavioral reluctance among users and insufficient vendor incentives slow the pace of change. The research underscores the necessity for an integrated approach that blends mass awareness campaigns, financial incentives for green product manufacturing, and stricter enforcement of plastic regulations. It also advocates for collaborative efforts between government agencies, private businesses, and community groups to enhance both the affordability and scalability of sustainable alternatives. By identifying the challenges and motivators within this shift, the study offers practical recommendations to accelerate Chennai’s movement toward a cleaner, plastic-free urban future.