Decentralized Multi-Factor Authentication System Using Block-Chain Technology

The fast growth of digital platforms and connected systems has made it very hard to authenticate users in a safe and legal way. Using only passwords for login is more likely to lead to identity theft, data breaches, and illegal access. This situation creates a need for stronger and smarter authentication systems.This research proposes a decentralized secured login system designed to improve security and reliability by combining QR-based identification with facial recognition. The goal of this work is to create a system that reduces reliance on single-factor authentication while offering a secure and scalable login mechanism that suits modern digital environments.The proposed system uses an RFID reader connected to an ESP8266 NodeMCU to send tag information to a server application developed in Python and Flask. It validates the received data using SHA-256 hashing within a blockchain-supported structure. It then uses a webcam and a Dlib CNN-based facial recognition model to confirm identity.This layered authentication process makes identity verification secure and efficient. Testing of the system shows it provides reliable authentication performance with a fast response time during real-time verification. The dual-layer approach greatly reduces the chances of unauthorized access because it requires both physical token validation and biometric identity matching for a successful login. The system also keeps secure and transparent authentication records using blockchain-based logging. The results show that using decentralized security methods with biometric verification could make identity management systems better. This method works well for access control in businesses, schools, and IoT-based networks where safe and easy authentication is important.