Designing A Cross-Dipole Antenna Using CST Studio Tool- A Review

The cross-dipole antenna, has another name known as turnstile antenna. It consists of two dipole antennas set up at right angles (90 degrees) to each other. The cross-dipole antenna is typically fed with a 90-degree phase shift to produce circular polarization. It is widely used radio antenna in applications for circular polarization and omnidirectional radiation patterns in the horizontal plane. The antenna is made to work in the UHF frequency range, centred around 435 MHz, and the design was done using CST Studio Suite (a simulation tool). This project focuses on designing and testing a cross-dipole antenna, which helps improve signal reception and transmission especially useful in satellite communications, aerospace systems, and telemetry, where the signal direction can constantly change. The paper looks into how the antenna is designed, how it sends out signals (its radiation pattern), how it behaves with electrical signals (impedance), and how it can be used in real-world scenarios. Both computer simulations and actual tests were done to show how well it works across different frequencies. The project looked at important performance factors like return loss, gain, radiation pattern and polarization. This cross-dipole antenna gives equal signal in all directions in horizontal plane. We fed with signals that are 90 degrees out of phase as this set up helps for circular polarization, which is useful in communicating with satellites that keep changing their position and angle.