Experimental Study on Concrete by Using Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Waste Foundry Slag

The increasing demand for sustainable construction materials has led to the exploration of industrial by-products as potential substitutes in concrete production. This study investigates the effects of partially replacing fine aggregate with waste foundry slag (WFS) on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. Waste foundry slag, a by-product of the metal casting industry, is an environmentally hazardous material that can be repurposed to enhance concrete performance while reducing landfill waste. Experimental tests were conducted with varying replacement levels of fine aggregate (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 45% and 50%) using WFS to assess its influence on workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and water absorption. The results indicate that incorporating WFS improves the strength characteristics of concrete due to its angular particle shape and pozzolanic properties, which enhance bonding in the cement matrix. Additionally, WFS reduces porosity and improves durability by minimizing water absorption. However, excessive replacement levels may lead to a decline in workability. This research highlights the potential of WFS as a sustainable alternative to conventional fine aggregates, promoting eco-friendly construction practices and reducing industrial waste disposal issues. Each Proportion comprises of 3 cubes are tested for 7, 14 and 28 days of curing. The study indicates that 40% replacement of fine aggregate with waste foundry slag offers the best combination of strength and workability.