Impact of Sedentary Work, Ergonomics, and Physiotherapy Interventions on Musculoskeletal Health of Engineering Professionals

Background: Engineering professionals are increasingly exposed to prolonged sedentary work, extensive digital device usage, and suboptimal workplace ergonomics, which contribute significantly to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). These conditions negatively affect physical function, productivity, and quality of life. Despite the growing burden, limited evidence exists on the combined impact of sedentary behavior, ergonomic practices, and structured physiotherapy interventions among engineers. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sedentary work patterns and ergonomic risk factors on musculoskeletal health and to determine the effectiveness of targeted physiotherapy interventions in engineering professionals. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 120 engineering professionals aged 22–45 years. Baseline assessments included ergonomic workstation analysis, physical activity levels, posture evaluation, pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and functional disability using standardized questionnaires. Participants underwent a 12-week physiotherapy-based intervention program consisting of postural correction exercises, stretching, strengthening, ergonomic education, and micro-break strategies. Post-intervention outcomes were compared with baseline values. Results: At baseline, 68.3% of participants reported neck, shoulder, and low back pain. Poor workstation ergonomics and prolonged sitting duration showed a significant association with pain severity (p < 0.05). Following the intervention, significant reductions were observed in pain intensity, postural deviations, and functional disability scores (p < 0.001), along with improved ergonomic awareness and physical activity levels. Conclusion: Sedentary work and improper ergonomics significantly contribute to musculoskeletal problems among engineering professionals. Structured physiotherapy interventions effectively reduce symptoms and improve functional outcomes. Integrating physiotherapy-based wellness programs within corporate environments may enhance occupational health and long-term productivity.