Innovative Strategies in Psoriasis Management: The Promise of Green-Synthesized Nanoparticles and Their Therapeutic Implications

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder characterised by inflammation, keratinocyte hyperproliferation, and immune imbalance. Conventional treatments often have limitations, including side effects and treatment resistance, necessitating the development of targeted and effective therapeutic strategies for this disease. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions for psoriasis management through targeted drug delivery, improved bioavailability, and reduced systemic side effects. The green synthesis of nanoparticles using eco-friendly and sustainable methods has emerged as a novel approach for producing biocompatible nanoparticles. This review explores the potential of green-synthesised nanoparticles for psoriasis treatment, focusing on their synthesis, characterisation, and therapeutic efficacy. Various types of nanoparticles, including metallic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanocarriers, are discussed, highlighting their unique properties and advantages. The mechanisms of action of these nanoparticles in psoriasis management, such as their anti-inflammatory effects, immunomodulatory properties, and keratinocyte regulation, are elucidated. Experimental methods, including in vitro and in vivo studies, are reviewed, providing insights into the efficacy and safety of green-synthesised nanoparticles. The results demonstrate the potential of these nanoparticles to reduce inflammation, modulate immune responses, and regulate keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, the safety and biocompatibility of these nanoparticles are discussed, emphasising their potential for long-term application.