Mechanical Behaviour Analysis and Evaluation of Kenaf–Sisal Hybrid Composite Materials

The increasing demand for lightweight, sustainable, and high-performance materials has accelerated the development of natural fiber–reinforced composites. This study investigates the mechanical behaviour and performance evaluation of kenaf–sisal hybrid composite materials fabricated using epoxy resin as the matrix. Kenaf fibers contribute high tensile strength, while sisal fibers enhance toughness and durability, resulting in a balanced hybrid composite system. The composites were fabricated through the hand lay-up technique followed by controlled compression and curing to achieve uniform thickness and improved fiber–matrix bonding. Mechanical characterization was carried out using tensile, flexural, and impact tests in accordance with ASTM standards to evaluate strength, stiffness, and energy absorption capability. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine fiber distribution, interfacial bonding, and fracture mechanisms. The results demonstrate that the kenaf–sisal hybrid composite exhibits improved mechanical performance compared to single-fiber composites, with enhanced load-bearing capacity and impact resistance. SEM observations confirmed effective resin impregnation and strong fiber–matrix adhesion, contributing to improved mechanical behaviour. The developed hybrid composite offers a lightweight, eco-friendly, and cost-effective alternative to conventional synthetic composites, making it suitable for applications such as automotive interior components and structural panels.