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PIN Diode-Based Fire Sensor

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PIN Diode-Based Fire Sensor

PIN Diode-Based Fire Sensor

 

 

G. Deepak Goud ECE IARE

K. Abhilash Reddy ECE IARE

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ABSTRACT:

The main sensing element in this abstract is a PIN diode, which is used in a fire detection system. Because flames emit powerful infrared (IR) signals within particular wavelengths, PIN diodes, which are renowned for their high sensitivity to IR radiation, are especially well-suited for detecting fire signatures.

The way the suggested fire sensor system works is by detecting infrared radiation that a fire source emits. As a photodetector, the PIN diode transforms incident infrared radiation into an electrical signal that is then processed and amplified. The presence of fire is then ascertained by comparing this signal to a predetermined threshold. In order to reduce false alarms brought on by ambient infrared sources like sunlight or electrical devices, the system also integrates noise-reduction strategies.

This design's benefits include cost-effectiveness, low power consumption, and quick response. Its small size also makes it possible to incorporate it into a variety of fire detection applications, including portable fire alarms, industrial facilities, and home safety systems. The efficacy of the PIN diode-based fire sensor in precisely identifying fire incidents with few false positives is shown by experimental results.

By offering a crucial early-warning system for fire emergencies, this novel approach to fire detection has the potential to improve safety and dependability.

Keywords:

1.      Sensing Component:

2.      PIN Diode: The primary sensor to detect infrared (IR) radiation.

2. Signal Conditioning:

Resistor: To bias the PIN diode.
Capacitor: For filtering noise and stabilizing the signal.
3. Output Components:

LED: To provide a visual indication when fire is detected.
Buzzer: For an audible alarm (optional).
4. Power Supply:

Battery (e.g., 9V or 3.7V): To power the circuit.
Voltage Regulator: If a stable voltage is needed.
5. Processing Component:

Comparator IC (e.g., LM393): To compare the signal from the PIN diode against a reference value.
6. Connections:

Breadboard or PCB: For assembling the circuit.
Connecting Wires: For wiring the components

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