RESEARCH PAPER ON AIR POLLUTION IN LUCKNOW

RESEARCH PAPER ON AIR POLLUTION IN LUCKNOW

Dr. Arvind Kumar Singh ,

Ira Pal, Bcom Llb, 6^th Semester

Amity Law School, Amity University

INTRODUCTION

Lucknow is situated on the North western bank of Gomti River, is not only the largest but also the capital of Uttar Pradesh. The city is bounded on the east by Barabanki, on the west by Unnao, on the south by Raibareli, and on the north by Sitapur and Hardoi. Like other cities, Lucknow is also developing very fast due to rapid increase in urbanization, industrialization and population growth. As reported by the census of India, 2011, Lucknow has a population of 2,815,601. There was an increase of 25.3% compared to figures. The initial provisional data suggests a population density of 598 per km square in 2011. As the total area covered by the Lucknow city is only about 470.7 square km., the population density was much higher than the 690 persons per km square recorded at state level. There are 4 designated Industrial sites in and around Lucknow city viz., Amausi Industrial Area, Talkatora Udyog Asthan, Sarojini Nagar Industrial Area and Deva Road Chinhat Industrial Area where 10 large, 15 medium and 15 small industries if Red category are in operation, 3 large, 4 medium and 65 small scale Orange category industries are in operation and 1 medium, 131 small scale Green category industries are in operation. Besides these, different category insuatries including 255brick kilns are also in operation around Lucknow City.

The numerous factors that contribute to air pollution make it a common issue in the modern world. However, it is usually brought on by increased urbanization, industrialization, and transportation. As a result, anthropogenic human actions are the primary contributors to air pollution, which has a negative impact on the environment, vegetation, and human health. Gaseous air pollutants like NO2 and SO2 can change chemically in the atmosphere to create nitrates and sulfates, which are then used as components of aerosols. Nitrogen oxide emissions, mainly nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO) from the burning of biomass and fossil fuels, play a major role in the formation of precursors to acid rain and other air pollution processes. The primary source of nitrogen dioxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural activities is ozone depletion. Nitrogen oxide emissions into the atmosphere have been rising consistently for the past 150 years. Hewitt found that the main sulphur oxide (SOx) released during the combustion of fossil fuels is SO2 [2], which reacts rapidly with water vapour to form corrosive sulfuric. Condensing onto aerosol particles, this sulfuric acid rapidly separates to produce sulphate aerosols. Because SO2 and particulate matter are related, any negative effects on health that are ascribed to SO2 may actually be caused by particulate matter or by substances that have been adsorbed on particulate matter. Materials with harmful or cancer-causing properties may be carried by particulate matter. Pulmonary diseases are brought on by fine particulates penetrating deeply into the airways [3]. They also add to other serious environmental problems like winter smog and acidification.