Review on IOT based Electrical Panel Monitoring System Utilizing Infrared Thermography Analysis

The MLX90640 infrared thermal sensor performs non-contact thermo graphic analysis to detect abnormal temperature rise across electrical components such as bus bars, circuit breakers, and cable joints. Thermal imaging data are processed by the ESP32 to identify hotspots that may indicate loose connections, overloading, or insulation degradation. Simultaneously, the DHT11 sensor monitors ambient temperature and humidity levels inside the panel enclosure, which are critical factors affecting insulation performance and condensation risks. The flame and smoke sensors provide additional safety layers by detecting early signs of fire or combustion, enabling rapid response to hazardous conditions. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central processing and communication unit, acquiring multi-sensor data, performing threshold-based analysis, and transmitting real-time information to an IoT platform via Wi-Fi connectivity. This enables remote monitoring, data logging, and alert generation through web or mobile interfaces. When abnormal conditions such as excessive temperature, smoke presence, or flame detection are identified, the system triggers instant notifications to maintenance personnel, thereby reducing response time and preventing catastrophic failures. Overall, the developed IoT-based Electrical Panel Monitoring System provides a smart, automated, and preventive approach to electrical safety management by combining real-time thermo graphic analysis, environmental monitoring, and intelligent communication technologies. This approach contributes to improved operational reliability, reduced maintenance costs, and enhanced protection against electrical fire hazards.