Role of Agni in Mansika Roga: A Comprehensive Review

Ayurveda, the ancient science of life, conceptualizes health as a state of balance between body, mind, and consciousness. Central to this balance is Agni, the biological fire responsible for digestion, metabolism, and assimilation, playing a pivotal role not only in physical health but also in maintaining mental well-being. Mansika Roga, or mental disorders, have been intricately linked with the function and state of Agni in classical Ayurvedic literature. Disturbance in Agni leads to the formation of Ama (toxins), which obstructs the subtle channels of the mind (Manovaha Srotas), thereby contributing to the onset and progression of various psychological disorders. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze the conceptual understanding, clinical correlations, and therapeutic implications of Agni in relation to Mansika Roga. A meticulous review of classical Ayurvedic texts alongside contemporary clinical and experimental research was conducted to explore the dynamic relationship between Agni and mental health. The review highlights how different states of Agni — Samagni, Mandagni, Vishamagni, and Tikshnagni — correlate with mental states, influencing conditions such as anxiety, depression, and epilepsy. Modern scientific studies on the gut-brain axis and psychoneuroimmunology increasingly support these ancient concepts, establishing the significance of digestive health in mental well-being. The findings affirm that therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring Agni through dietary, lifestyle, and herbal interventions can positively impact mental health outcomes. This review underscores the enduring relevance of Ayurvedic principles in addressing modern mental health challenges and advocates for integrative research exploring Agni’s multidimensional role in psychiatric care.